Language:

country
Association
Breeder n°
Password

Backto selection form

Breed planning for mating stations 2026

Breeding values of the selected mother queen

code of queen 2aInbreeding
Queen
Inbreeding
Worker
Honey
yield
Defensive
behavior
Calmness
during
inspection
Swarming
drive
Varroa-
index
TBVPerformance
ndex
hygienic
behaviour
Varroa
growth
Colony
strength
spring
development
over-
wintering
Chalk-
brood
CBPNosemosisSMRRecappingRecapping
infested cells
AT-99-359-465-20212.3%2.2%93 0.4684 0.4088 0.39100 0.41(98) 0.359390 0.46(101) 0.35(94) 0.3386 0.3191 0.3692 0.28105 0.14104 0.1199 0.04(92) 0.18(107) 0.17(106) 0.17

Breeding values and inbreeding coefficients of potential descendants

mating station codedetails of mating stationMate (4A)Breeding values
C ASSOC No. D Code Surname TM from to Breeding line C4A A4A B4A No4A Y4A Code Honey
yield
Defensive
behavior
Calmness
during
inspection
Swarming
drive
Varroa-
index
Total
breeding
value
Performance
ndex
hygienic
behaviour
Varroa
growth
Colony
strength
spring
development
over-
wintering
Chalk-
brood
CBP Nosemosis SMR Recapping Recapping
infested cells
INZW
Weighting in %
1515151540--
DE 1 1 Hornisgrinde 3 25.05. 20.07. AGT-Population DE 1 7 57 2023 99 95 94 106 102 100 98 105 99 84 94 95 99 103 99 92 102 104 2.4%
DE 1 2 AGT Toleranz Hoher Randen 3 16.05. 01.08. AGT Population DE 2 221 69 2023 98 99 98 106 105 103 100 106 105 97 99 93 102 101 97 97 99 96 2.2%
DE 1 3 Herrenwald 3 25.05. 20.07. AGT Population DE 2 221 70 2023 100 98 97 107 105 103 101 106 104 97 95 94 102 101 97 97 99 96 2.2%
DE 2 10 10 Oby. Unterwieser Wald 3 01.06. 15.08. AGT-Population; Z: Köpke DE 2 632 52 2024 103 103 105 106 110 108 105 112 107 100 103 110 104 101 96 97 102 102 2.1%
DE 2 11 11 Oby. Freisinger Moos 3 15.05. 31.07. AGT-Population; Z: Ott DE 2 227 167 2021 95 99 100 99 94 96 98 96 93 97 97 96 102 102 96 92 101 100 1.3%
DE 2 12 12 Oby. Pfaffenkopf 3 27.05. 01.08. AGT-Population, Z: Stoib DE 2 245 66 2023 100 90 92 103 104 100 96 106 102 96 93 98 102 104 100 95 101 104 1.3%
DE 2 13 13 Oby. An den 3 Wassern AGT-Toleranzbelegstelle 6 30.05. 01.08. AGT-Population; Z: FZ Mayen DE 11 1 1330 2022 103 88 93 109 106 102 98 110 102 93 91 104 102 107 99 103 107 109 3.5%
DE 2 15 15 Oby. Sonnwendjoch 3 01.06. 20.07. Z: Deller DE 2 254 117 2022 93 92 92 99 100 95 93 103 97 85 92 93 97 103 98 96 112 110 1.2%
DE 2 16 16 Oby. Raggert 3 01.06. 01.08. Z: Moser DE 2 363 207 2023 102 94 95 103 102 99 98 104 99 94 98 96 101 102 101 103 104 103 1%
DE 2 18 18 Oby. Sauschütt 3 16.05. 01.08. AGT-Population; Z: Schmidt DE 2 293 46 2022 96 94 97 103 102 99 97 105 99 92 94 94 101 107 99 96 104 104 2.7%
DE 2 19 19 Oby. Wendelstein 3 22.05. 31.07. AGT-Population; Z: Wintersperger DE 2 211 318 2023 104 101 103 108 105 106 105 107 103 102 103 102 102 103 100 91 99 101 1.9%
DE 2 21 21 Nby. Rachel- Diensthütte 3 13.05. 08.08. Z: Angela Tholen † DE 2 736 240 2022 101 95 98 105 101 100 99 103 100 91 92 97 103 107 96 94 103 103 2.8%
DE 2 22 22 Nby Bramandlberg 3 09.05. 25.07. AGT-Population; Z: Solleder DE 2 256 780 2023 97 97 99 105 99 99 100 102 96 89 93 96 101 103 100 93 103 105 2.7%
DE 2 23 23 Nby Königswald 3 29.04. 15.08. Ca.- Sklenar; Z: Andreas Levcenko DE 2 308 14 2022 100 95 93 103 95 96 97 95 95 96 96 96 102 103 101 101 101 98 1.5%
DE 2 24 24 Nby Schellenberg 3 09.05. 25.07. AGT-Population; Z: Ahrens DE 2 221 74 2023 98 98 97 104 104 101 99 104 103 96 97 94 102 101 97 97 99 96 2.2%
DE 2 33 33 Opf. Am Kühweiher 3 12.05. 10.07. AGT Population; Z: Thein DE 2 752 14 2023 100 99 100 106 101 102 102 103 100 100 99 96 102 103 98 91 99 101 1.4%
DE 2 41 41 Ofr. Michaelsgraben 3 16.05. 25.07. Z: Merz DE 2 737 11 2023 104 92 94 104 101 99 98 101 100 99 96 100 103 103 97 91 102 100 1.4%
DE 2 43 43 Ofr. Bodenwiese 3 12.05. 14.07. AGT-Population; Z: Schmidt DE 2 293 66 2023 104 103 104 112 105 107 107 107 103 102 100 96 101 103 99 91 106 105 1.6%
DE 2 44 44 Ofr. Hufeisen 3 22.05. 28.07. AGT-Population, Z: Kempter DE 2 298 45 2020 98 91 91 103 98 96 95 99 97 99 91 97 103 104 95 92 105 104 1.9%
DE 2 51 51 Mfr. Tiergarten 3 06.05. 31.07. AGT-Population, Z: LLA Triesdorf DE 2 128 69 2023 106 91 93 101 98 97 97 98 98 96 102 99 100 102 102 90 96 94 1.2%
C ASSOC No. D Code Surname TM from to Breeding line C4A A4A B4A No4A Y4A Code Honey
yield
Defensive
behavior
Calmness
during
inspection
Swarming
drive
Varroa-
index
Total
breeding
value
Performance
ndex
hygienic
behaviour
Varroa
growth
Colony
strength
spring
development
over-
wintering
Chalk-
brood
CBP Nosemosis SMR Recapping Recapping
infested cells
INZW
DE 2 61 61 Ufr. Spessart 3 19.05. 28.07. AGT-Population; Z: Ahrens DE 2 221 102 2022 102 103 103 106 110 107 104 111 109 101 94 94 102 103 100 100 95 94 2.4%
DE 2 62 62 Ufr. Gramschatzer Wald 3 20.05. 29.07. AGT-Population; Z: LLH Kirchhain DE 7 45 658 2023 101 100 100 104 105 103 101 106 103 97 96 96 100 100 97 100 104 101 2.3%
DE 2 63 63 Ufr. Haßberge AGT-Toleranzbelegstelle 6 12.05. 14.07. AGT-Population; Z: Bichlmeier DE 2 326 716 2023 102 99 102 110 109 107 104 111 105 97 100 100 103 102 98 102 103 103 1.6%
DE 2 71 71 Schw. Scheppacher Forst AGT-Toleranzbelegstelle 6 15.05. 24.07. AGT-Population, Z: Frey DE 2 294 100 2022 99 95 97 98 99 98 97 99 99 104 107 103 102 101 99 96 103 98 0.8%
DE 2 72 72 Schw. Gunzesried/Ostertal 3 30.05. 25.07. AGT-Population, Z: Fischer DE 2 703 77 2022 95 99 102 96 100 98 98 101 98 94 98 103 102 102 101 91 103 101 0.9%
DE 2 73 73 Schw. Giebelhaus 3 30.05. 25.07. Z: Witt DE 2 172 1 2022 100 98 99 104 98 99 100 100 97 95 102 97 103 107 97 93 98 101 2.7%
DE 2 74 74 Schw. Bleckenau 3 29.05. 17.07. Z: Moser DE 2 363 200 2023 102 94 94 104 100 99 98 103 98 96 96 96 101 102 101 103 104 103 1%
DE 2 75 75 Schw. Hochgrat AGT-Toleranzbelegstelle 6 23.05. 01.08. AGT-Population, Z: Wintersperger DE 2 211 318 2023 104 101 103 108 105 106 105 107 103 102 103 102 102 103 100 91 99 101 1.9%
DE 4 3 Waldhof 3 27.05. 01.08. C-4-3 Waldhof DE 4 279 1 2022 98 91 91 96 79 85 93 81 79 96 100 102 100 101 100 98 101 101 0.6%
DE 4 5 Hohenheide 3 20.05. 15.07. C-4-5 Hohenheide DE 4 311 707 2024 108 96 97 108 99 101 102 102 97 99 102 104 105 102 102 89 100 102 1.1%
DE 4 7 Lattbusch 3 22.05. 17.07. 4/7/Lattbusch DE 4 301 163 2023 107 108 110 114 108 111 112 111 104 110 107 96 101 102 102 103 100 100 0.4%
DE 4 8 Schorfheide-Wildfang 3 15.05. 15.08. 90/Varoatoleranz/LIB DE 4 306 51 2023 106 94 97 102 111 105 100 113 108 103 108 98 105 104 103 98 100 103 0.6%
DE 4 10 Rotkäppchen 3 01.06. 01.08. Varoatoleranz/Rotkäppchen/4-10 DE 4 307 124 2024 122 107 108 119 115 118 117 116 113 114 117 108 105 103 103 95 101 104 1.1%
DE 6 1 Spiekeroog 2 02.06. 02.08. Carnica Troiseck Hoffmann (21) DE 6 36 31 2023 103 97 99 111 102 103 103 104 100 92 97 95 102 102 96 99 101 102 2.6%
DE 6 2 Neuwerk 2 18.05. 11.08. Carnica DE 6 1 736 2023 99 87 90 98 98 94 92 98 99 95 99 97 104 102 99 94 103 103 1.5%
DE 6 12 Neuenhof 3 13.06. 16.08. C-T 1075 DE 6 198 42 2023 103 98 99 109 105 104 102 108 101 94 99 101 101 103 99 93 103 105 2.7%
DE 6 14 Gebirgsbelegstelle Torfhaus 3 25.05. 06.07. Carnica -Celle DE 6 1 2786 2022 100 84 87 95 93 90 90 93 93 91 99 92 101 103 99 93 104 104 2.6%
DE 8 1 2 Greifswalder Oie 6 02.06. 17.06. Carnica AGT DE 15 252 1 2023 102 92 94 104 102 99 98 104 99 91 96 99 104 98 100 97 101 100 1.1%
DE 8 3 Dornbusch 2 26.06. 23.07. Carnica DE 6 90 146 2023 99 93 93 108 104 100 98 106 101 96 100 95 104 102 98 99 102 104 1.9%
DE 11 3 Inselbelegstelle Borkum 2 09.05. 18.07. Carnica Sklenar 47/9/26 DE 11 3 60 2022 89 94 93 86 91 88 89 90 92 85 90 89 105 103 99 99 101 99 0%
C ASSOC No. D Code Surname TM from to Breeding line C4A A4A B4A No4A Y4A Code Honey
yield
Defensive
behavior
Calmness
during
inspection
Swarming
drive
Varroa-
index
Total
breeding
value
Performance
ndex
hygienic
behaviour
Varroa
growth
Colony
strength
spring
development
over-
wintering
Chalk-
brood
CBP Nosemosis SMR Recapping Recapping
infested cells
INZW
DE 11 11 Erbeskopf AGT-Toleranzbelegstelle 3 26.05. 21.07. AGT-Population DE 11 171 309 2023 106 92 95 107 104 102 100 106 102 90 93 97 103 105 98 96 99 97 2.5%
DE 13 9 Naturpark Erzgebirge-Vogtland 3 29.05. 10.07. Peschetz DE 2 227 355 2023 104 98 98 109 105 104 103 106 104 101 98 98 102 104 99 91 100 102 1.9%
DE 13 11 Blockstelle 3 09.06. 21.07. Peschetz DE 13 90 672 2022 103 96 102 108 100 102 103 101 100 100 100 102 103 97 102 96 101 97 1%
DE 14 1 Kaiserstein 3 30.05. 27.06. DE 6 36 31 2023 103 97 99 111 102 103 103 104 100 92 97 95 102 102 96 99 101 102 2.6%
DE 15 1 Amrum 2 09.06. 21.07. C-Kombi DE 15 69 8 2022 107 93 95 103 103 101 99 103 104 94 92 93 104 102 98 94 100 101 1%
DE 15 3 Hamburger Hallig 2 06.06. 11.07. Carnica Sklenar DE 16 337 232 2023 100 93 94 100 95 95 96 96 94 100 104 102 101 105 98 101 102 101 0.3%
DE 15 4 Helgoland 2 13.05. 31.07. C- Kombi BALKAN DE 15 233 12 2022 105 99 101 106 97 100 103 96 98 95 101 102 103 104 99 93 101 101 1.9%
DE 15 6 List auf Sylt 2 26.05. 20.07. C-Troiseck AT 99 193 62961 2023 102 95 95 102 106 102 98 109 103 93 96 99 102 100 98 98 95 98 2.1%
DE 15 9 Puan Klent / Sylt 2 26.05. 15.08. C- Varroatoleranz DE 6 90 167 2023 101 91 91 107 105 101 97 107 103 96 100 95 104 102 98 99 102 104 1.9%
DE 16 9 Oberhof 3 30.05. 01.08. DE 2 293 66 2023 104 103 104 112 105 107 107 107 103 102 100 96 101 103 99 91 106 105 1.6%
DE 16 11 Kieferle 3 06.06. 25.07. DE 16 310 147 2023 102 95 95 104 101 100 99 102 101 94 94 92 104 98 99 99 101 99 1.3%
DE 17 3 Wangerooge 2 24.05. 29.07. Carnica Selektionslinie LIB (90) DE 6 90 170 2023 101 92 92 107 105 101 98 108 102 96 100 95 104 102 98 99 102 104 1.9%
DE 17 4 Langeoog 2 31.05. 09.08. Carnica-03 (40) DE 17 208 49 2023 96 98 99 106 103 102 100 101 105 92 95 93 101 98 99 105 101 102 1.2%
DE 17 5 AGT Varroatoleranzbelegstelle Norderney (70) 2 24.05. 26.07. Carnica Varroatoleranz (SMR) DE 7 45 658 2023 101 100 100 104 105 103 101 106 103 97 96 96 100 100 97 100 104 101 2.3%
DE 17 6 Juist 2 25.05. 26.07. Carnica Sklenar 47/9/26 (13) DE 14 21 1317 2022 99 97 97 101 94 96 98 96 93 97 102 100 100 103 98 100 102 101 0.4%
DE 19 51 Eisbachtal 3 15.05. 21.07. Carnica AGT DE 19 346 803 2023 103 97 96 102 103 101 100 105 101 99 96 100 102 104 101 92 99 101 1.6%
DE 19 52 Hasental 3 15.05. 17.07. Carnica DE 2 266 231 2023 105 93 95 101 92 95 98 93 92 99 102 102 103 101 99 91 105 100 0.3%
DE 41 1 Sächsische Schweiz 6 31.05. 05.08. Carnica Kirchhain DE 7 45 662 2023 99 97 97 102 104 101 99 105 102 100 97 98 100 100 97 102 106 103 2.3%
AT 99 6 Löhnersbach 3 02.06. 30.07. IT 20 68 1013 2024 99 93 95 98 105 100 95 107 103 96 96 100 102 101 95 94 101 103 2.7%
AT 99 7 Blühnbachtal 3 31.05. 26.07. AT 99 400 745 2023 100 94 97 104 102 100 99 103 100 96 97 101 103 103 97 100 101 103 2.2%
C ASSOC No. D Code Surname TM from to Breeding line C4A A4A B4A No4A Y4A Code Honey
yield
Defensive
behavior
Calmness
during
inspection
Swarming
drive
Varroa-
index
Total
breeding
value
Performance
ndex
hygienic
behaviour
Varroa
growth
Colony
strength
spring
development
over-
wintering
Chalk-
brood
CBP Nosemosis SMR Recapping Recapping
infested cells
INZW
AT 99 8 Kristeinertal - Osttirol 3 02.06. 28.07. AT 99 662 21 2023 98 90 93 99 102 98 94 102 103 99 99 97 104 102 98 98 101 101 1.4%
AT 99 13 Pusterwald 3 29.05. 31.07. AT 99 120 87 2023 103 101 102 104 113 108 103 114 111 90 97 105 104 101 96 101 100 104 2.6%
AT 99 16 1 Dürradmer 3 15.05. 04.06. AT 99 364 106 2023 102 99 103 111 105 105 104 108 103 98 100 102 103 102 97 99 103 102 1.8%
AT 99 16 2 Dürradmer 3 09.06. 04.08. AT 99 364 908 2023 100 97 100 107 101 101 101 102 99 91 92 94 102 101 98 97 103 102 1.9%
AT 99 17 1 Gschöder 3 15.05. 04.06. AT 99 364 121 2022 101 97 100 110 103 103 102 105 101 92 93 94 101 101 97 98 108 106 2.2%
AT 99 17 2 Gschöder 3 09.06. 04.08. AT 99 364 705 2023 102 102 102 107 102 104 104 105 99 93 95 97 101 101 97 95 104 103 2%
AT 99 21 Abtenau Zinkenbach 3 29.05. 28.07. AT 99 99 1 2023 101 99 103 108 103 104 103 104 102 95 98 101 106 104 96 102 102 103 2%
AT 99 27 Geiselgrundalm 3 29.05. 28.07. AT 99 193 62459 2023 100 100 101 101 105 103 101 106 103 93 92 100 104 104 96 99 103 105 2.2%
AT 99 38 Johannsenruhe 3 14.06. 09.08. AT 99 377 92 2023 104 103 104 105 112 109 105 112 111 97 101 104 104 103 97 104 100 107 2.5%
AT 99 40 Kocnatal 3 30.05. 14.08. AT 99 193 63000 2023 104 94 93 101 100 98 98 102 97 94 91 92 102 105 97 100 104 107 2.2%
AT 99 41 Radlgraben 3 01.06. 31.07. AT 99 169 223 2023 98 94 97 100 100 98 97 102 98 96 98 101 105 103 97 96 100 103 2.7%
AT 99 44 Steinberg 3 28.05. 23.07. AT 99 888 331 2023 106 102 103 109 106 107 106 107 105 99 101 100 103 103 96 102 102 105 2.3%
AT 99 45 Gößgraben 3 15.05. 31.07. AT 99 377 501 2023 99 98 98 99 115 107 99 115 114 90 97 103 104 103 97 100 102 105 2.5%
AT 99 46 Mühldorfer Ochsenalm 3 31.05. 15.08. AT 99 117 4 2023 98 94 97 100 108 102 97 111 105 96 98 103 106 102 98 93 106 108 4.7%
AT 99 48 Pöllatal 3 28.05. 31.07. AT 99 663 132 2024 99 92 94 102 104 99 96 104 103 97 97 99 103 102 97 98 100 102 1.9%
AT 99 50 Valentinalm 3 31.05. 15.08. AT 99 120 84 2023 103 104 105 105 112 109 105 113 110 91 97 105 104 102 96 101 101 105 2.6%
AT 99 56 Tratten 3 14.05. 16.07. AT 99 117 38 2023 99 100 101 100 106 103 100 107 105 90 97 102 104 103 97 98 105 108 4.5%
AT 99 58 Mühlviertler Alm 3 21.05. 30.07. AT 99 377 23 2023 102 97 98 109 107 105 102 109 104 92 98 109 103 103 97 94 102 107 3.5%
AT 99 59 Scheiterboden 3 23.05. 15.08. AT 99 671 85 2023 110 103 104 110 110 110 108 111 108 102 104 102 103 103 97 99 102 106 2.3%
AT 99 98 Seetal 3 25.05. 27.07. AT 99 377 74 2023 104 101 102 104 110 107 103 111 109 97 101 108 104 102 97 99 100 106 2.8%
C ASSOC No. D Code Surname TM from to Breeding line C4A A4A B4A No4A Y4A Code Honey
yield
Defensive
behavior
Calmness
during
inspection
Swarming
drive
Varroa-
index
Total
breeding
value
Performance
ndex
hygienic
behaviour
Varroa
growth
Colony
strength
spring
development
over-
wintering
Chalk-
brood
CBP Nosemosis SMR Recapping Recapping
infested cells
INZW
CH 51 1 Bonatchiesse 3 13.06. 01.08. CRP/48 CH 52 707 40 2023 101 90 93 100 96 95 96 98 95 99 100 95 102 104 99 93 100 100 0.6%
CH 51 3 Petit-Mont 3 23.05. 26.07. B20F1/3 CH 51 45 1893 2023 91 84 84 97 93 88 87 95 92 89 92 89 102 102 99 95 101 101 0.5%
CH 51 5 Vermeilley 3 06.06. 01.08. KT02/23 CH 51 152 5652 2022 88 90 90 98 93 90 90 93 94 91 92 85 102 102 99 95 101 101 0.5%
CH 51 6 Moiry 3 13.06. 08.08. B20x30 / 11 CH 51 36 3427 2022 92 90 91 95 93 90 90 94 92 87 90 89 102 102 99 95 102 101 0.8%
CH 51 7 Toules 3 06.06. 01.08. CRP/48 CH 52 707 40 2023 101 90 93 100 96 95 96 98 95 99 100 95 102 104 99 93 100 100 0.6%
CH 51 8 Hongrin 3 30.05. 01.08. KL 14 / 50 CH 51 91 4677 2023 94 88 90 98 99 94 91 100 98 90 92 90 102 102 99 95 101 101 0.5%
CH 51 21 Mont-Dar 3 30.05. 25.07. S91 CH 51 78 9810 2023 93 84 85 97 94 89 88 95 93 92 96 94 103 102 99 95 101 101 0.5%
CH 51 22 SADE 3 16.05. 01.08. GB10 / 22 CH 51 206 903 2024 89 84 86 97 94 88 87 97 91 86 90 88 102 102 98 96 102 101 0.6%
CH 51 51 Grande-Enne 3 14.05. 06.06. 01P / 6 CH 51 10 4636 2023 96 85 86 96 94 90 89 95 94 88 99 95 102 102 99 95 102 101 0.8%
CH 52 5 Greina 3 13.06. 31.07. DE 19 186 21 2022 91 93 92 99 105 98 93 108 103 89 93 92 97 101 98 95 110 109 1.6%
CH 52 7 Justistal 3 26.05. 31.07. DE 1 45 172 2022 96 99 100 103 107 103 99 111 104 89 93 95 95 103 97 94 116 112 1.6%
CH 52 9 Hochgebirgsbelegstelle S-charl 3 13.06. 26.07. DE 16 337 224 2023 101 94 96 104 96 97 98 98 94 100 104 101 101 105 98 101 102 101 0.3%
CH 52 39 Nessleren 3 30.05. 29.07. CH 52 707 36 2022 99 92 95 103 94 95 97 96 92 100 99 92 103 104 98 93 101 101 0.8%
IT 4 1 Val Genova (TN) 3 06.06. 31.07. Kirchhain IT 20 106 84 2022 95 90 92 97 101 96 92 104 99 97 94 95 103 102 99 93 102 102 1.8%
IT 20 3 Pederü 3 27.05. 13.06. IT 20 108 9044 2023 108 97 98 107 109 106 103 109 107 98 102 108 104 104 99 93 102 103 2.4%
NL 55 2 Vlieland 2 06.06. 05.07. NL 55 55 41 2023 99 99 100 103 98 99 101 100 96 91 96 93 102 100 99 97 101 100 2%

Notice

The inbreeding coefficient refers to the workers of the planned colony. The inbreeding coefficient of the queen only depends on the mother colony and is 2.18 %.

Click on queen code shows pedigree, breeding values and inbreeding coefficients.

The total breeding values is calculated using the given weighting factors.

Only island and line mating stations with a registered 4a, subjected to breeding values estimation are displayed. For a full list of mating stations, see Allocation of mating stations.

The breeding record data is the responsibility of the state associations !

Use of genetic evaluation data for publications or commercial purposes is subject to permission by the Institute for Bee Research Hohen Neuendorf, Germany, Länderinstitut für Bienenkunde Hohen Neuendorf e.V.

The performance index is composed of the breeding value for honey yield, gentleness, calmness and swarming tendency in equal proportions.

For suggestions and comments use our contact form, please.

Legend

TM
Type of mating station
1 - Insemination station with fixed 4a
2 - Island mating station
3 - line mating station
4 - race mating station
6 - tolerance mating station
TBV
Total breeding value
INZW
Inbreeding coefficient of planned offspring